Students' E-Skills, Organizational Change and Diversity of Learning Process: Evidence from French Universities in 2010

Driven by ICT, universities are changing in depth the nature and forms of learning processes, which are supposed to prepare students to a better entry into the labor market.In this paper, we focus on the evolution of students' ICT use in such educational environment characterized by organizational changes and analyze the determinants of students' e-skills using a 2010 dataset on French university students. We show that students' involvement in the use of ICT increases their e-skills. ICT learning by doing and ICT learning by using also increase some categories of students' e-skills. In addition, collaborative and cooperative learning positively influence students' advanced e-skills.