Business start-ups and young enterprises introduce new products to the market and employ new processes for production. In order to create these new products and processes, firms often engage in R&D. Since…
Patents are frequently viewed as major policy tool in order to stimulate R&D. In recent years however, doubts emerged whether this is the case for all technology areas. Theoretical research has shown that when…
There is an increasing tension between the Iranian Government and the west on an increasingly likely European oil embargo and the Iranian threat to close the Strait of Hormuz. The main question is: What will…
We study how the shadow economy affects pollution and how this effect depends on corruption levels in public administration. Production in the shadow economy allows firms to avoid environmental regulation…
A major incentive for human capital investments is the possibility to signal individual productivity gained by training not only to the present employer but also to the external labour market. There are only…
It is known that small firms rely mainly on the CEO's individual knowledge for developing innovations (Burton, 2001; Cook, 1999). Recent work suggests that this approach underutilizes other employees’ knowledge…
The study of the innovative output of firms often relies on a count of patents filed at one single patent office, although companies have the option to file patents at multiple offices such as their national…
