1. Gutachten // 2021

    Effective Tax Levels Using the Devereux/Griffith Methodology - Update 2020

    Ziel dieser Studie ist es, für die 27 EU-Staaten sowie das Vereinigte Königreich, die Schweiz, Norwegen, Republik Mazedonien, Türkei, USA, Kanada und Japan effektive Steuersätze zu ermitteln. Dabei…

  2. ZEW Discussion Paper Nr. 21-017 // 2021

    Social Norms and Market Behavior – Evidence From a Large Population Sample

    We test the importance of social norms for market interactions associated with negative real-world externalities in a large-scale experiment with a heterogeneous population sample from Germany. The majority of…

  3. ZEW Discussion Paper Nr. 21-016 // 2021

    Finanzwissen und Finanzbildung in Deutschland – Was wissen wir eigentlich?

    Im internationalen Vergleich verfügen die Deutschen über ein relativ hohes Finanzwissen. Allerdings bedeutet dies nicht, dass Finanzwissen universell verbreitet ist. Der Anteil der Befragten, die drei…

  4. ZEW Discussion Paper Nr. 21-014 // 2021

    Climate Finance and Emission Reductions: What Do the Last Twenty Years Tell Us?

    In the framework of the Paris Agreement implementation, financial transfers remain a major point of negotiation for addressing equity concerns raised by the ambitious climate objectives. In complement to the…

  5. ZEW Discussion Paper Nr. 21-013 // 2021

    Quantifying the OECD BEPS Indicators – an Update to BEPS Action 11

    In its 2015 Final Report on “Measuring and Monitoring BEPS, Action 11”, the OECD introduced six indicators to quantify and evaluate base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) activity over time. In this study, we…

  6. ZEW Discussion Paper Nr. 21-012 // 2021

    Using Machine Learning for Measuring Democracy: An Update

    We provide a comprehensive overview of the literature on the measurement of democracy and present an extensive update of the Machine Learning indicator of Gründler and Krieger (2016, European Journal of…

  7. ZEW Discussion Paper Nr. 21-011 // 2021

    International Student Exchange and Academic Performance

    International student exchange has become an important part of university-level studies and the EU plans to increase it significantly. We analyze how international student exchange affects students’ academic…

  8. ZEW Discussion Paper Nr. 21-010 // 2021

    Incentives and Intertemporal Behavioral Spillovers: A Two-Period Experiment on Charitable Giving

    We test whether and, if so, how incentives to promote pro-social behavior affect the extent to which it spills over to subsequent charitable giving. To do so, we conduct a two-period artefactual field experiment…

  9. ZEW-Innovationserhebung // 2021

    2020

    Innovationstandort Deutschland: Bleibt die deutsche Wirtschaft auf Innovationskurs?

    Die Innovationsausgaben sind im Jahr 2019 weiter angestiegen. Sie erreichten mit 176,9 Mrd. Euro ein Rekordhoch. Allerdings…