ZEW Discussion Papers

Ex ante evaluation of policy reform proposals in general relies either on microsimulation models or computable general equilibrium (CGE) models. This paper describes how the Centre of European Economic Research…

The extant innovation literature has recognized for a long time that a firm's innovation performance does not only depend on internal research and development (R&D) activities but instead on a skilled bundling…

The availability of skilled labor has frequently been characterized as a key determinant of entrepreneurial activity in a region. Little is known, however, whether the composition of the regional skill base will…

Motorised individual transport strongly contributes to global CO2 emissions, due to its intensive usage of fossil fuels. Current political efforts addressing this issue (i.e. emission performance standards in…

Adaptation to climate change is becoming increasingly important in the political and scientific debate. The reason for this is that climate change impacts are visible already today and will intensify in the next…

In the period 2000-2008, more than one third of venture capital-backed companies worldwide received financing from venture capitalists that were not located in the same country as these companies. This paper…

Environmental innovations may contribute to both improving the environmental quality of products and increasing the resource efficiency of products and processes. In particular, energy and resource efficiency…

Since the early 1970s and the seminal papers of Fama (1965, 1970), the efficient market hypothesis and its validity for several asset markets have been the topic of an uncountable number of publications in…

Existing data sets on firm formations in Germany suffer from various shortcomings that prohibit sound analyses of new firms’ development over time. Therefore, the Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW), KfW…