1. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-68 // 2004

    Die Rolle der Innovationsförderung im Aufholprozess Ostdeutschlands

    Der Beitrag untersucht die Effektivität der Innovationsförderung in den neuen Ländern. Dabei wird ein doppelter Vergleich angestellt. Zum einen analysieren wir die Auswirkungen der Förderung hinsichtlich der…

  2. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-78 // 2004

    Is Silence Golden? Patents versus Secrecy at the Firm Level

    In the 1990s, patenting schemes changed in many respects: upcoming new technologies accelerated the shift from price competition towards competition based on technical inventions, a worldwide surge in patenting…

  3. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-07 // 2004

    Are Credit Ratings Valuable Information?

    Credit ratings are commonly used by lenders to assess the default risk, because every credit is connected with a possible loss. If the probability of a default is above a certain threshold, a credit will not be…

  4. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-09 // 2004

    The Birth of German Biotechnology Industry: Did Venture Capital run the Show?

    We answer the questions, how many firms acting in the modern German biotechnology industry are funded by venture capital companies (VCC) as well as equity funded by corporate investors. The theory suggests a…

  5. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-10 // 2004

    The Impact of Macroeconomic Uncertainty on Cash Holdings for Non-Financial Firms

    This paper investigates the effects of macroeconomic volatility on non–financial firms’ cash holding behavior. Using an augmented cash buffer–stock model, we demonstrate that an increase in macroeconomic…

  6. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-11 // 2004

    Concubinage or Marriage? Informal and Formal Cooperations for Innovation

    Based on a sample of German inovating firms that contains information on formal and informal innovation cooperation between customers and suppliers, we state that firms perceive informal cooperation as being…

  7. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-12 // 2004

    Export Behavior and Firm Productivity in German Manufacturing A Firm-level Analysis

    This paper analyses the relationship between firm productivity and export behavior in German manufacturing firms. We examine whether productivity increases the probability of exporting, and assert that there is…

  8. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-25 // 2004

    Ist der Subtraktionstest ein geeignetes Verfahren zur Ermittlung missbräuchlich überhöhter Netznutzungsentgelte?

    Die Arbeit untersucht den von der „Arbeitgruppe Netznutzung Strom der Kartellbehörden des Bundes und der Länder“ vorgeschlagenen Subtraktionstest, mit dessen Hilfe missbräuchlich überhöhte Netznutzungsentgelte…

  9. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-29 // 2004

    Returns to Private Equity – Idiosyncratic Risk Does Matter!

    New version, original title: Underdiversification in Private Companies – Required Returns and Incentive Effects

    Owners of private companies often invest a substantial share of their net worth in one company,…

  10. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-37 // 2004

    The Relationship between R&D Collaboration, Subsidies and Patenting Activity: Empirical Evidence from Finland and Germany

    This study focuses on the impact of innovation policies and R&D collaboration in Germany and Finland. We consider collaboration and subsidies as heterogeneous treatments, and perform an econometric matching to…

  11. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-38 // 2004

    On the Profitability of Innovative Assets

    Successful innovative activity is a major contribution to the intangible capital of firms. Although its importance is generally acknowledged, the contribution to companies’ profits is a priori unclear. We…

  12. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-65 // 2004

    Stepping In and Out of the International Market: Internationalisation of Technology-Oriented Firms in Germany and the UK

    For small high-tech firms international orientation is regarded as crucial for growth and long-term survival. Even newly founded technology based firms (NTBFs) are often internationally active shortly after…