Exploiting the staggered implementation of board gender quotas in Europe, this study examines their effect on firms’ environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. I find that firms’ environmental and…

About half of government expenditure in the United States takes the form of government consumption (e.g., education, defense, infrastructure). In many studies of post-tax inequality based on the DINA framework…

We examine financial literacy in Germany and its relevance for financial wellbeing. Using data from the Panel on Household Finances collected in 2021, we show that about 62% of German households answer the Big…

This study explores the long-run effects of a temporary scarcity of a consumption good on preferences towards that good once the shock is over. Specifically, we focus on individuals who were children during…

Economists tend to view a uniform emissions price as the most cost-effective approach to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This paper scrutinizes the assumptions in general equilibrium which underlie the…

ZEW wouldn't be the same without its alumni. That's why we dedicate the April edition of the ZEW Monthly to our Alumni Network and its over 600 members.
 
Discover in the testimonials of our alumni how ZEW has…

With the final approval of the EU’s Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act), it is now clear that general-purpose AI (GPAI) models with systemic risk will need to undergo adversarial testing. This provision is a…

The transformation of economy and society requires far-reaching technological and social innovations. To utilise the economic opportunities of transformation and to mitigate the negative effects of structural…

We analyze the technology sovereignty of Europe, the US, China, Japan, and Korea, representing the world’s leading innovators. By examining citations from the universe of PCT patent applications between 2000 and…

The global economic landscape has fundamentally shifted from the paradigm of globalization to renewed concerns regarding the risks and rewards of technological interdependence. This shift has sparked a critical…