ZEW Discussion Papers

Google, Apple and other highly profitable multinationals are able to drastically reduce their tax burden on worldwide income by shifting profits from high- to low-tax countries. Reports on these tax avoidance…

Financing is a crucial but scarce factor especially in technology-oriented industries where the risk of failure is high and information asymmetries are substantial, e.g. because the marketplace for the new and…

This paper focuses on finding starting-values for maximum likelihood estimation of Vector STAR models. Based on a Monte Carlo exercise, different procedures are evaluated. Their performance is assessed w.r.t.…

Competitive production costs compared to conventional fuels are imperative for biofuels to gain market shares, as current tax advantages for biofuels are only temporary. Comparing production costs of different…

This paper overviews labor market analyses presented in the annual reports of the German Council of Economic Experts (GCEE). During the previous decades this topic has taken center stage due to the high and…

The achievement of the goals set by the broad 10-year growth strategy "Europe 2020" of the European Commission, aiming by 2020 at a smart, sustainable and more inclusive economy, is intertwined with improvements…

We compare patent litigation cases across four European jurisdictions – Germany, France, the Netherlands, and the UK – covering cases filed during the period 2000-2008. For our analysis, we assemble a new…

This paper provides an explanation of why garbage as a measure of consumption implies a several times lower coefficient of relative risk aversion in the consumptionbased asset pricing model than consumption…

During recent years the question of legal standing of consumer associations in the course of private cartel damage claims has increasingly attracted attention within the European Commission (EC). The European…