In the years 2015 and 2016 more than one million asylum seekers arrived in Germany affecting the labour market in different ways: On the one hand these asylum seekers had to be accommodated and taken care of, which led to increasing employment of locals in the short run. On the other, subsequently also labour supply grew when more and more asylum seekers obtained labour market access. The goal of this project was to analyse which population subgroups were particularly affected by these labour market effects of refugee immigration with a focus on previous immigrants. The results indicate that in the short run Germans rather than previous immigrants benefitted from employment gains due to increasing asylum seeker numbers. The further elaboration of the research ideas about the medium-run effects of asylum seeker immigration led to the successful acquisition of the junior research group “Integration of Migrants and Attitudes towards the Welfare State”.