Worst-Case Equilibria in First-Price Auctions

The usual analysis of bidding in first-price auctions assumes that bidders know the distribution of valuations. We analyze first-price auctions in which bidders do not know the precise distribution of their competitors' valuations, but only the mean of the distribution. We propose a novel equilibrium solution concept based on worst- case reasoning. We find an essentially unique and efficient worst-case equilibrium of the first-price auction, which has appealing properties from both the bidders' and the seller's point of view.

Gretschko, Vitali and Helene Mass (2024), Worst-Case Equilibria in First-Price Auctions, Theoretical Economics 19(1) , 61-93